Table 7 Cross-validation results of developed models (Mean ± SD).

From: Estimating the surface chloride concentration of marine concrete utilizing advanced hybrid machine learning models

Metric

ANN-GTO

ANN-GWO

SVR-GTO

SVR-GWO

RMSE (Mean ± SD)

0.92 ± 0.05

0.83 ± 0.05

0.63 ± 0.04

0.50 ± 0.03

R2 (Mean ± SD)

0.92 ± 0.04

0.92 ± 0.04

0.94 ± 0.03

0.95 ± 0.03

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