Table 1 Simulation model and control parameters.

From: Event-triggered fuzzy neural-network PID control for nonlinear gas-blending processes

Parameter Category

Name

Symbol

Value / Description

Gas Mixing Model

Low-concentration gas flow rate

\(Q_1\)

\(100\ \text {m}^3/\text {h}\)

High-concentration gas flow rate range

\(Q_2\)

\(0 - 150\ \text {m}^3/\text {h}\)

Target methane concentration

\(Y_{\text {target}}\)

\(12\%, 15\%, 10\%\) (step change)

Temperature

T

\(298.15\ \text {K}\)

Pressure

p

\(101325\ \text {Pa}\)

Total simulation duration

\(T_{\text {total}}\)

\(60\ \text {min}\)

Sampling interval

\(\Delta t\)

\(0.1\ \text {min}\)

TSFNN Model

Number of input variables

N

3 (low-concentration flow, high-concentration flow, high-concentration real-time concentration)

Number of fuzzy rules

R

49

Membership function

Gaussian function

ET-FNN-PID Controller

Initial proportional gain

\(K_p(0)\)

1.0

Initial integral gain

\(K_i(0)\)

0.1

Initial derivative gain

\(K_d(0)\)

0.01

Learning rates

\(\eta _c, \eta _b, \eta _w\)

0.3, 0.3, 0.3

Momentum factor

\(\alpha\)

0.05

Event-triggered threshold

Q

0.5