Table 12 Results confirming the necessary condition for Theorem 2.

From: A bias-reduced estimator for generalized Poisson regression with application to carbon dioxide emission in Canada

Estimator

Condition

\(\lambda _1\)

\(\lambda _2\)

\(\lambda _3\)

\(\lambda _4\)

\(\lambda _5\)

\(\lambda _6\)

\(\lambda _7\)

GPRRE

\(\hat{k}^*_{1 }\)

\(\hat{\varphi }k^*_{1} + 2\hat{\varphi }\lambda - k^*_{1}\lambda \alpha _j^2\)

5.53E+09

2.30E+07

5.26E+05

2.46E+05

2.17E+04

8.61E+03

6.44E+02

\(\hat{k}^*_{2 }\)

\(\hat{\varphi }k^*_{2} + 2\hat{\varphi }\lambda - k^*_{2}\lambda \alpha _j^2\)

5.53E+09

2.30E+07

5.26E+05

2.45E+05

2.15E+04

7.52E+03

7.19E+02

\(\hat{k}^*_{3 }\)

\(\hat{\varphi }k^*_{3} + 2\hat{\varphi }\lambda - k^*_{3}\lambda \alpha _j^2\)

5.53E+09

2.30E+07

5.26E+05

2.45E+05

2.15E+04

7.52E+03

7.19E+02

\(\hat{k}^*_{4 }\)

\(\hat{\varphi }k^*_{4} + 2\hat{\varphi }\lambda - k^*_{4}\lambda \alpha _j^2\)

5.54E+09

2.31E+07

5.27E+05

2.51E+05

2.25E+04

1.41E+04

2.69E+02

\(\hat{k}^*_{5 }\)

\(\hat{\varphi }k^*_{5} + 2\hat{\varphi }\lambda - k^*_{5}\lambda \alpha _j^2\)

5.54E+09

2.31E+07

5.27E+05

2.49E+05

2.22E+04

1.22E+04

3.98E+02

\(\hat{k}^*_{6 }\)

\(\hat{\varphi }k^*_{6} + 2\hat{\varphi }\lambda - k^*_{6}\lambda \alpha _j^2\)

5.54E+09

2.31E+07

5.27E+05

2.49E+05

2.22E+04

1.22E+04

4.00E+02

\(\hat{k}^*_{7 }\)

\(\hat{\varphi }k^*_{7} + 2\hat{\varphi }\lambda - k^*_{7}\lambda \alpha _j^2\)

5.54E+09

2.31E+07

5.27E+05

2.50E+05

2.25E+04

1.40E+04

2.74E+02

\(\hat{k}^*_{8 }\)

\(\hat{\varphi }k^*_{8} + 2\hat{\varphi }\lambda - k^*_{8}\lambda \alpha _j^2\)

5.53E+09

2.30E+07

5.27E+05

2.47E+05

2.20E+04

1.06E+04

5.07E+02

\(\hat{k}^*_{9 }\)

\(\hat{\varphi }k^*_{9} + 2\hat{\varphi }\lambda - k^*_{9}\lambda \alpha _j^2\)

5.53E+09

2.30E+07

5.27E+05

2.48E+05

2.21E+04

1.15E+04

4.44E+02

\(\hat{k}^*_{10}\)

\(\hat{\varphi }k^*_{10} + 2\hat{\varphi }\lambda - k^*_{10}\lambda \alpha _j^2\)

5.54E+09

2.31E+07

5.27E+05

2.51E+05

2.25E+04

1.41E+04

2.67E+02

\(\hat{k}^*_{11}\)

\(\hat{\varphi }k^*_{11} + 2\hat{\varphi }\lambda - k^*_{11}\lambda \alpha _j^2\)

5.54E+09

2.31E+07

5.27E+05

2.50E+05

2.24E+04

1.35E+04

3.09E+02

\(\hat{k}^*_{12}\)

\(\hat{\varphi }k^*_{12} + 2\hat{\varphi }\lambda - k^*_{12}\lambda \alpha _j^2\)

5.53E+09

2.29E+07

5.26E+05

2.41E+05

2.08E+04

3.41E+03

1.00E+03

\(\hat{k}^*_{13}\)

\(\hat{\varphi }k^*_{13} + 2\hat{\varphi }\lambda - k^*_{13}\lambda \alpha _j^2\)

5.53E+09

2.30E+07

5.26E+05

2.43E+05

2.12E+04

5.71E+03

8.43E+02

\(\hat{k}^*_{14}\)

\(\hat{\varphi }k^*_{14} + 2\hat{\varphi }\lambda - k^*_{14}\lambda \alpha _j^2\)

5.53E+09

2.29E+07

5.25E+05

2.39E+05

2.05E+04

1.51E+03

1.13E+03

\(\hat{k}^*_{15}\)

\(\hat{\varphi }k^*_{15} + 2\hat{\varphi }\lambda - k^*_{15}\lambda \alpha _j^2\)

5.53E+09

2.30E+07

5.26E+05

2.44E+05

2.13E+04

6.33E+03

8.00E+02