Table 2 Crude association between the fried frailty phenotypes and structural brain integrity by sex. SBI, structural brain integrity; β, standardized beta coefficients; CI, confidence interval. †We assessed SBI markers using z-scores to compare without considering units and to estimate negative or positive percentages. ‡White matter hyperintensities were log-transformed due to its skewness.
SBI (in z-score)† | Men (N = 700) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
GMV | WMV | WMH‡ | ||||
β (95% CI) | P-values | β (95% CI) | P-values | β (95% CI) | P-values | |
Frailty Phenotypes | ||||||
Unintentional weight loss (kg) | −0.07 (−0.44 to 0.30) | 0.720 | 0.02 (−0.38 to 0.42) | 0.926 | 0.20 (−0.19 to 0.60) | 0.315 |
Weakness (kg) | −0.46 (−0.63 to −0.29) | < 0.001 | −0.40 (−0.59 to −0.22) | < 0.001 | 0.30 (0.12 to 0.49) | 0.001 |
Exhaustion | −0.36 (−0.58 to −0.14) | 0.001 | −0.32 (−0.56 to −0.08) | 0.009 | 0.11 (−0.13 to 0.34) | 0.382 |
Slowness (m/s) | −0.11 (−0.28 to 0.07) | 0.236 | −0.25 (−0.44 to 0.06) | 0.010 | 0.18 (−0.01 to 0.36) | 0.065 |
Low physical activity (Kcal) | −0.01 (−0.19 to 0.16) | 0.875 | 0.05 (−0.14 to 0.24) | 0.598 | 0.01 (−0.18 to 0.20) | 0.918 |
FA | MD | |||||
Frailty Phenotypes | β (95% CI) | P -values | β (95% CI) | P -values | ||
Unintentional weight loss (kg) | −0.11 (−0.52 to 0.30) | 0.594 | 0.13 (−0.29 to 0.56) | 0.538 | ||
Weakness (kg) | −0.50 (−0.69 to −0.31) | < 0.001 | 0.43 (0.23 to 0.63) | < 0.001 | ||
Exhaustion | −0.47 (−0.71 to −0.23) | < 0.001 | 0.48 (0.23 to 0.73) | < 0.001 | ||
Slowness (m/s) | −0.03 (−0.23 to 0.17) | 0.761 | 0.39 (0.19 to 0.59) | < 0.001 | ||
Low physical activity (Kcal) | −0.21 (−0.40 to −0.01) | 0.039 | 0.22 (0.01 to 0.42) | 0.039 | ||
Women (N = 1357) | ||||||
GMV | WMV | WMH‡ | ||||
β (95% CI) | P -values | β (95% CI) | P -values | β (95% CI) | P -values | |
Frailty Phenotypes | ||||||
Unintentional weight loss (kg) | −0.06 (−0.21 to 0.09) | 0.448 | −0.02 (−0.17 to 0.12) | 0.743 | −0.09 (−0.25 to 0.08) | 0.320 |
Weakness (kg) | −0.35 (−0.46 to −0.23) | < 0.001 | −0.20 (−0.31 to −0.09) | 0.001 | 0.33 (0.20 to 0.46) | < 0.001 |
Exhaustion | −0.17 (−0.29 to −0.04) | 0.009 | −0.09 (−0.21 to 0.03) | 0.149 | 0.21 (0.07 to 0.35) | 0.004 |
Slowness (m/s) | −0.20 (−0.32 to −0.08) | 0.001 | −0.20 (−0.31 to −0.08) | 0.001 | 0.50 (0.37 to 0.63) | < 0.001 |
Low activity (Kcal) | 0.05 (−0.07 to 0.17) | 0.453 | −0.11 (−0.22 to 0.01) | 0.072 | 0.10 (−0.04 to 0.23) | 0.147 |
FA | MD | |||||
Frailty Phenotypes | β (95% CI) | P -values | β (95% CI) | P -values | ||
Unintentional weight loss (kg) | −0.01 (−0.17 to 0.160) | 0.933 | −0.11 (−0.26 to 0.04) | 0.163 | ||
Weakness (kg) | −0.42 (−0.55 to −0.29) | < 0.001 | 0.49 (0.37 to 0.60) | < 0.001 | ||
Exhaustion | −0.23 (−0.37 to −0.10) | 0.001 | 0.27 (0.14 to 0.40) | < 0.001 | ||
Slowness (m/s) | −0.24 (−0.37 to −0.11) | < 0.001 | 0.47 (0.36 to 0.59) | < 0.001 | ||
Low activity (Kcal) | −0.02 (−0.15 to 0.11) | 0.735 | 0.07 (−0.05 to 0.19) | 0.280 | ||
