Fig. 5
From: Enhancing soil organic carbon estimation with generative AI and Nix color sensor
Heatmap of validation root mean squared error (RMSE) values (30% original validation set) across four models (gaussian mixture model (GMM), generative adversarial networks (GANs), k-nearest neighbors (KNN), and bootstrapping), sample sizes, and soil organic carbon (SOC) ranges. Here the model was trained using the 70% calibration + filtered synthetic data.
