Fig. 2

Effects of circPSMA4 on proliferation, colony formation, migration, and invasion of bladder cancer cells. (A) qRT-PCR detecting changes in circPSMA4 expression levels post-overexpression and interference; (B) CCK-8 assay analyzing the effect of circPSMA4 on BCa cell proliferation; (C) Colony formation assay evaluating circPSMA4’s effect on cell cloning capabilities; (D) Scratch assay detecting the impact of circPSMA4 on cell migration; (E) Transwell assay assessing circPSMA4’s effect on cell invasion capabilities; (F) Evaluate the effect of circPSMA4 on ATP concentration in cells. N = 3; **P < 0.01; *P < 0.05; nsP > 0.05.