Table 1 Spatial shifts in biological hotspot areas for venomous terrestrial snake species in India, under moderate (RCP 4.5) and severe (RCP 8.5) climate change scenarios for mid-century (2050) and late-century (2070) compared to the current baseline.

From: Climate change triggering shifts in venomous snakes hotspots and snakebite risk in India

Current suitable area

353,196.59 km2

Shift in hotspot areas (km2)

2050

2070

Moderate scenario (RCP 4.5)

Worst-case scenario (RCP 8.5)

Moderate scenario (RCP 4.5)

Worst-case scenario (RCP 8.5)

Net gain (Range expansion; 1)

38,971.1

29,804

27818.2

47083.1

Net loss (Range contraction − 1)

36,890.3

33013.5

34948.6

48519.3

Turnover (%)

19.34%

16.40%

16.47%

23.88%

  1. The table reports net range expansions (gain) and range contractions (loss) in hotspot areas, expressed as absolute area (km²).
  2. RCP representative concentration pathway, km² square kilometer.
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