Fig. 9

Empirical analysis of the point of application (PoA). (a) Locations where actuator force was applied to the anchoring structure, with the vertical distance from the lower edge labeled from 0 mm to 60 mm. (b) Experimental results showing the system stiffness measured at each PoA. Stiffness increased with higher PoA values; however, the rate of increase diminished, suggesting convergence toward an optimal region.