Table 3 Association of Body Mass Index (BMI) at baseline with the odds of outcomes investigated.

Outcome	n (%)	Univariable		Multivariable
Outcome	n (%)	OR (95% CI)	P	OR (95% CI)	P
DIP joint OA incidence cohort	1031 (100.0)	–	–	–	–
Incidence of DIP joint OA	251 (24.3)	1.02 (0.98–1.05)	0.333	1.02 (0.98–1.06)	0.300
Worsening of JSN	80 (7.8)	0.98 (0.92–1.04)	0.476	0.99 (0.93–1.05)	0.744
Worsening in osteophytes	294 (28.5)	1.01 (0.98–1.05)	0.501	1.01 (0.98–1.05)	0.539
Incidence of sclerosis	42 (4.1)	1.01 (0.93–1.09)	0.772	1.00 (0.93–1.08)	0.972
Incidence of erosion	1 (0.1)	0.97 (0.41–1.33)	1.000	0.00 (0.00–Inf)	1.000
DIP joint OA progression cohort	1481 (100.0)	–	–	–	–
Progression of DIP joint OA	1006 (67.9)	1.01 (0.98–1.04)	0.471	1.01 (0.98–1.04)	0.396
Progression of DIP joint OA (stringent definition*)	591 (39.9)	1.01 (0.99–1.04)	0.314	1.02 (0.99–1.04)	0.241
Worsening of JSN	588 (39.7)	0.99 (0.96–1.02)	0.469	0.99 (0.97–1.02)	0.671
Worsening in osteophytes	969 (65.4)	1.02 (0.99–1.05)	0.154	1.02 (0.99–1.05)	0.243
Incidence of sclerosis	337 (22.8)	1.00 (0.97–1.03)	0.773	0.99 (0.96–1.03)	0.746
Incidence of erosion	95 (6.4)	1.01 (0.95–1.06)	0.749	1.01 (0.96–1.07)	0.634

Results are reported as point estimates of 1 BMI unit (kg/m²) increase at baseline. Univariable analyses were conducted on complete cases only. Multivariable analyses utilized data after multiple imputation and the estimates were adjusted for sex, and baseline values of the following variables: age, ACPA, RF, ESR, disease duration since first symptoms, number of tender joints, number of swollen joints, patient assessed general health VAS score, summed percentage of erosive joint surface destruction in 8 MCP joints, and radiographic observation time. Additionally, adjusted for summed K/L grade in 8 distal interphalangeal (DIP) joints at baseline for the outcomes for the progression cohort. * Progression in at least 2 DIP joints instead of 1. 95% CI, 95% confidence interval; ACPA, anti–citrullinated protein antibody; BMI, body mass index; ESR, erythrocyte sedimentation rate; IQR, interquartile range; MCP, metacarpophalangeal; OR, odds ratio; RF, rheumatoid factor; VAS, visual analog scale .

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