Fig. 4

Flow cytometry analysis of apoptosis induction by compound 5 h in MCF-7 cells was performed using Annexin V-FITC/PI dual staining. Cells were treated with 0 (control), 8, 16, and 32 µM concentrations of 5 h for 72 h. Representative dot plots illustrate the distribution of viable (Annexin V⁻/PI⁻), early apoptotic (Annexin V⁺/PI⁻), late apoptotic (Annexin V⁺/PI⁺), and necrotic (Annexin V⁻/PI⁺) cells.