Table 4 Aarg (ZH) (°) and operating time under different types of external fault.

From: Active line model identification protection based on characteristic frequency phase for dual-end weakly-fed AC system

Fault location

Fault type

arg(ZH)(°)

a phase

b phase

c phase

F1

(external fault)

ag

− 87.99

− 75.34

− 73.21

ab

− 84.32

− 81.52

− 76.35

abg

− 89.98

− 71.94

− 71.23

abcg

− 90.55

− 72.14

− 62.65