Table 21 IFT values for synthetic oil in contact with various FW–SW combinations under scale and non-scale conditions.

From: Influence of inorganic scale formation on asphaltene behavior during water injection

Sample no

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

Bine composition

Sr2+-based FW and SW

Ba2+-based FW and SW

Sr2+-based FW and 4 × Na2SO4 SW

Ba2+-based FW and 4 × Na2SO4 SW

Sr2+-based FW and SW

Ba2+-based FW and SW

Sr2+-based FW and 4 × Na2SO4 SW

Ba2+-based FW and 4 × Na2SO4 SW

Condition

Non-scale

Non-scale

Non-scale

Non-scale

Scale-forming

Scale-forming

Scale-forming

Scale-forming

IFT (mN/m)

27.33

33.41

26.72

32.65

39.04

41.51

40.64

42.73