Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the patients (IQR).
Variable | Whole cohort (n = 264) | Training cohort (n = 184) | Validation cohort (n = 80) | χ2/Z statistic | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sex, n (%) | 1.961 | 0.161 | |||
Male | 162 (61.36) | 118 (64.13) | 44 (55.00) | ||
Female | 102 (38.64) | 66 (35.87) | 36 (45.00) | ||
Age (years) | 62.00 (56.00 ~ 68.00) | 62.00 (55.25 ~ 68.00) | 64.50 (59.00 ~ 68.00) | -1.340 | 0.180 |
Comorbidities, n (%) | 0.803 | 0.370 | |||
Yes | 41 (15.53) | 31 (16.85) | 10 (12.50) | ||
No | 223 (84.47) | 153 (83.15) | 70 (87.50) | ||
Antithrombotic drugs use, n (%) | 0.032 | 0.857 | |||
Yes | 21 (7.95) | 15 (8.15) | 6 (7.50) | ||
No | 243 (92.05) | 169 (91.85) | 74 (92.50) | ||
Location, n (%) | 1.274 | 0.529 | |||
Upper | 62 (23.48) | 40 (21.74) | 22 (27.50) | ||
Middle | 68 (25.76) | 50 (27.17) | 18 (22.50) | ||
Lower | 134 (50.76) | 94 (51.09) | 40 (50.00) | ||
Tumor size, n (%) | 0.475 | 0.491 | |||
< 30 mm | 211 (79.92) | 145 (78.80) | 66 (82.50) | ||
≥ 30 mm | 53 (20.08) | 39 (21.20) | 14 (17.50) | ||
Macroscopic type, n (%) | 0.154 | 0.695 | |||
Non-depressed | 147 (55.68) | 101 (54.89) | 46 (57.50) | ||
0-I | 25 (9.47) | 17 (9.24) | 8 (10.00) | ||
0-IIa | 63 (23.86) | 44 (23.91) | 19 (23.75) | ||
0-IIb | 59 (22.35) | 40 (21.74) | 19 (23.75) | ||
Depressed | 117 (44.32) | 83 (45.11) | 34 (42.50) | ||
0-IIc | 76 (28.79) | 53 (28.80) | 23 (28.75) | ||
0-III | 41 (15.53) | 30 (16.31) | 11 (13.75) | ||
Converging folds, n (%) | 0.156 | 0.693 | |||
Yes | 26 (9.85) | 19 (10.33) | 7 (8.75) | ||
No | 238 (90.15) | 165 (89.67) | 73 (91.25) | ||
Ulcer scars, n (%) | 0.219 | 0.640 | |||
Yes | 37 (14.02) | 27 (14.67) | 10 (12.50) | ||
No | 227 (85.98) | 157 (85.33) | 70 (87.50) | ||
Differentiation, n (%) | 0.564* | ||||
Differentiated | 249 (94.32) | 172 (93.48) | 77 (96.25) | ||
Undifferentiated | 15 (5.68) | 12 (6.52) | 3 (3.75) | ||
Depth of invasion, n (%) | 1.744 | 0.187 | |||
Mucosa | 230 (87.12) | 157 (85.33) | 73 (91.25) | ||
Submucosa | 34 (12.88) | 27 (14.67) | 7 (8.75) | ||
Lymphovascular invasion, n (%) | 0.071* | ||||
Yes | 14 (5.30) | 13 (7.07) | 1 (1.25) | ||
No | 250 (94.70) | 171 (92.93) | 79 (98.75) | ||
Endoscopic submucosal fibrosis, n (%) | 4.188 | 0.123 | |||
No (F0) | 170 (64.39) | 117 (63.59) | 53 (66.25) | ||
Mild (F1) | 58 (21.97) | 37 (20.11) | 21 (26.25) | ||
Severe (F2) | 36 (13.64) | 30 (16.30) | 6 (7.50) | ||
Histologic submucosal fibrosis, n (%) | 1.359 | 0.507 | |||
No (f0) | 164 (62.12) | 112 (60.87) | 52 (65.00) | ||
Mild (f1) | 60 (22.73) | 41 (22.28) | 19 (23.75) | ||
Severe (f2) | 40 (15.15) | 31 (16.85) | 9 (11.25) | ||
En bloc resection, n (%) | 0.007 | 0.934 | |||
Yes | 247 (93.56) | 172 (93.48) | 75 (93.75) | ||
No | 17 (6.44) | 12 (6.52) | 5 (6.25) | ||
Curative resection, n (%) | 2.399 | 0.121 | |||
Yes | 244 (92.42) | 167 (90.76) | 77 (96.25) | ||
No | 20 (7.58) | 17 (9.24) | 3 (3.75) | ||
Procedure time (minute) | 50.00 (40.00 ~ 80.00) | 50.00 (36.25 ~ 100.00) | 50.00 (40.00 ~ 80.00) | -0.819 | 0.413 |
Complications, n (%) | 0.357* | ||||
No | 235 (89.01) | 160 (86.96) | 75 (93.75) | ||
Immediate bleeding | 21 (7.95) | 18 (9.78) | 3 (3.75) | ||
Delayed bleeding | 4 (1.52) | 3 (1.63) | 1 (1.25) | ||
Perforation | 4 (1.52) | 3 (1.63) | 1 (1.25) |
