Table 15 Expert clinical assessment with statistical measures.
enhancement method | Diagnostic quality (mean ± SD) | 95% CI | Artifact presence (mean ± SD) | 95% CI | Clinical usefulness (mean ± SD) | 95% CI | Overall rating (mean ± SD) | 95% CI | ICC | t-test p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DentoSMART-LDM | 4.7 ± 0.3 | [4.6, 4.8] | 4.8 ± 0.2 | [4.7, 4.9] | 4.9 ± 0.1 | [4.8, 5.0] | 4.8 ± 0.2 | [4.7, 4.9] | 0.891 | Reference |
Enhanced-PSO-LDM | 4.2 ± 0.4 | [4.0, 4.4] | 4.1 ± 0.5 | [3.9, 4.3] | 4.3 ± 0.3 | [4.1, 4.5] | 4.2 ± 0.3 | [4.0, 4.4] | 0.823 | p < 0.001 |
GA-Diffusion | 4.0 ± 0.5 | [3.8, 4.2] | 3.9 ± 0.4 | [3.7, 4.1] | 4.1 ± 0.4 | [3.9, 4.3] | 4.0 ± 0.4 | [3.8, 4.2] | 0.797 | p < 0.001 |
Traditional enhancement | 3.1 ± 0.6 | [2.8, 3.4] | 3.3 ± 0.7 | [3.0, 3.6] | 3.2 ± 0.5 | [2.9, 3.5] | 3.2 ± 0.5 | [2.9, 3.5] | 0.754 | p < 0.001 |
No enhancement | 2.4 ± 0.7 | [2.1, 2.7] | 2.8 ± 0.6 | [2.5, 3.1] | 2.6 ± 0.6 | [2.3, 2.9] | 2.6 ± 0.6 | [2.3, 2.9] | 0.712 | p < 0.001 |
