Table 25 Temporal consistency analysis across different training strategies.

From: Novel metaheuristic optimized latent diffusion framework for automated oral disease detection in public health screening

Training strategy

Stable condition consistency (95% CI)

Progression detection accuracy (95% CI)

Regression detection accuracy (95% CI)

False change rate (95% CI)

Temporal reliability score (mean ± SD)

Cronbach’s α

p-value

Real data only

91.2% (89.8–92.6)

78.4% (76.1–80.7)

73.6% (71.0-76.2)

8.8% (7.6–10.0)

7.2 ± 0.6/10

0.823

-

25% synthetic

92.7% (91.4–94.0)

84.1% (82.1–86.1)

79.8% (77.4–82.2)

7.3% (6.2–8.4)

8.1 ± 0.4/10

0.867

< 0.001

50% synthetic

93.9% (92.7–95.1)

88.6% (86.9–90.3)

84.2% (82.1–86.3)

6.1% (5.1–7.1)

8.7 ± 0.3/10

0.891

< 0.001

75% synthetic (optimal)

94.3% (93.2–95.4)

91.2% (89.7–92.7)

87.4% (85.5–89.3)

5.7% (4.8–6.6)

9.1 ± 0.2/10

0.912

< 0.001

100% synthetic

92.1% (90.7–93.5)

87.9% (86.1–89.7)

82.6% (80.4–84.8)

7.9% (6.8-9.0)

8.3 ± 0.4/10

0.876

< 0.001