Table 3 Effects of different nutritional protocols on feeding behavior of Nellore yearling bulls differing in EPD for marbling.

From: Nutritional protocols that shift ruminal microbiota to improve the feedlot performance of Nellore cattle differing in marbling EPD

Item

FGC

FGC

HMC

HMC

HMC

SEM1

Contrasts (P-value)

CSFA-

CSFA+

CSFA-

CSFA+

CSFA + Zn + Cr

Corn

CSFA

Corn*CSFA

ZnCr

EPD*Trt

Feeding behavior

 Time spent resting, min

975.42

902.50

934.48

932.09

970.30

22.647

0.76

0.09

0.11

0.36

–

 Time spent ruminating, min

283.20

335.06

338.97

323.86

303.28

23.232

0.38

0.47

0.20

0.60

0.03

 Time spent eating, min

191.87

172.21

153.72

177.33

173.83

9.286

0.10

0.84

0.04

0.77

0.03

 Meals per day, n

9.67

11.21

9.39

10.72

10.88

0.535

0.46

0.02

0.85

0.83

–

 Water trough attendance, n/d

4.88ab

4.29ab

2.93b

6.20a

4.65

0.696

0.98

0.07

0.02

0.09

–

 Daily DMI, kg

11.55

10.29

10.97

10.11

9.99

0.218

0.19

< 0.01

0.49

0.72

0.04

 ER3, of DM, min/kg of DM

17.00

16.60

13.77

17.76

17.44

0.947

0.31

0.07

0.03

0.80

0.03

 RR4 of DM, min/kg of DM

23.69

34.61

31.33

31.91

29.31

2.169

0.28

0.02

0.04

0.50

0.03

 DMI per meal, kg

1.19

1.00

1.20

0.96

0.93

0.069

0.81

< 0.01

0.76

0.77

–

 Meal length, min

19.45

15.89

17.07

16.92

16.15

0.881

0.51

0.08

0.11

0.42

0.03

 NDF5 intake, kg

12.11

10.25

10.02

7.70

9.28

0.441

< 0.01

< 0.01

0.64

0.01

–

 ER of NDF, min/kg of DM

16.66

15.65

15.58

23.45

19.45

1.126

< 0.01

0.01

< 0.01

0.01

0.01

 RR of NDF, min/kg of DM

20.00

33.30

36.77

43.06

32.34

2.719

< 0.01

< 0.01

0.23

0.04

< 0.01

 peNDF6 intake, kg

2.36

1.85

1.97

0.81

1.32

0.206

0.02

0.01

0.25

0.01

–

 ER of peNDF, min/kg of DM

104.62b

85.06b

86.74b

241.38a

149.73

17.623

< 0.01

< 0.01

< 0.01

< 0.01

–

 RR of peNDF, min/kg of DM

194.71ab

197.98ab

171.43b

422.02a

232.97

37.858

0.03

0.01

0.01

0.02

–

Particle sorting2

 Long

0.90

1.00

0.98

1.03

1.01

0.037

0.32

0.18

0.70

0.08

< 0.01

 Medium

0.99

1.04

1.02

1.03

1.04

0.008

0.19

< 0.01

0.01

0.73

0.03

 Short

1.01

1.01

1.00

1.01

1.01

0.001

0.38

< 0.01

0.22

0.12

–

 Fine

0.99

0.96

0.99

0.97

0.97

0.003

0.22

< 0.01

0.20

0.92

–

  1. Finely ground corn (FGC); High moisture corn (HMC); Finely ground corn associated with calcium salts of fatty acids (FGC + CSFA); high moisture corn associated with calcium salts of fatty acids (HMC + CSFA); high moisture corn associated with calcium salts of fatty acids and organic Zinc and Chromium (HMC + CSFA + ZnCr). 1 standard error of mean;2 dry matter intake;3 eating rate;4 rumination rate;5 neutral detergent fiber;6 physically effective neutral detergent fiber; 2 Particle fraction retained on screens of 19 mm (long), 8 mm (medium), 1.18 mm (short) and a pan (fine).
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