Table 1 Parameter suitable for pulverized coal injection.

01

Moisture

< 3.5%

(Du et al. 2007)¹²

02

Volatile Matter

20–32%

(Claudia et al. 2016)¹³

03

Ash

< 11%

(Kalkreuth et al. 2005)¹⁴

04

Gross Calorific Value (kcal/kg)

> 5800

(de Castro et al. 2013)¹⁵

05

Hardgrove Grindability Index

40–60

(Carpenter 2006)¹⁶

06

Sulphur

< 1%

(Zhang et al. 2023)¹⁷

07

Particle Size

0.074–0.150 mm or 74–150 μm

(Beér 2004; Zhang et al. 2023)^17,18

08

Ash Fusion Temperature

(Nightingale et al. 2003)¹⁹

(a) Initial Deformation Temperature

> 1150 °C

(b) Hemispherical Temperature

> 1200 °C

(c) Flow Temperature

> 1250 °C

09

Fixed Carbon

> 50%

(Bennett et al. 2004)²⁰

10

Vitrinite Reflectance

0.6% to 1.7%

(Ishii 2000)²¹

11

Free Swelling Index

1–3

(Sexton et al. 2018)²²