Table 9 The empirical and in-situ underground excavation classes of the rock masses.
From: Re-evaluation of excavation class limits for underground excavations based on new data
Excavability classifications | Rock mass mode | |||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | |
*Abdullatif and Cruden7 | R | D/R | B | B | B | B | R | R | R | R | B | R | B | R/B | B | R |
*Hoek and Karzulovic14 | R | D | B | B | B | B | R | R | R | D | R/B | R | R/B | R/B | B | R/B |
*Tsiambaos and Saroglou16 | H&B | D | B | B | B | B | R | R | R | R | B | R | B | B | B | B |
**Chaniotis et al.25 | B | D | B | B | B | B | H&B | B | H&B | D&H | B | B | B | B | B | B |
**In-situ excavatability class of rock masses | B | D | B | B | B | B | H&B | H&B | H&B | H | B | H&B | B | B | B | B |
