Table 2 Patient demographics and selected initial clinical examination findings within the test dataset.

From: Improving early detection of temporomandibular joint involvement in juvenile idiopathic arthritis with a clinically interpretable machine learning model

Cohort characteristics

n = 55

Demographics

Females, number (percentage)

33 (60%)

Age (years)

11.8 (SD 4.1)

Number of patients with TMJ involvement

Drugs

7 (12.7%)

No medication

10 (18.2%)

NSAID

4 (7.3%)

MTX

13 (23.6%)

Anti-TNF-alpha (bDMARDs)

7 (12.7%)

NSAID + MTX

6 (10.9%)

MTX + Anti-TNF-alpha

11 (20.0%)

Other combinations

4 (7.3%)

Clinical examination features

Orofacial symptoms

TMJ pain during movement

7 (12.7%)

TMJ pain during opening

5 (9.1%)

TMJ pain during palpation

8 (14.6%)

Reduced chewing function

5 (9.1%)

Clinical findings

Crepitation present

9 (16.4%)

Overbite (mean in mm)

2.4 (SD 1.8)

Overjet (mean in mm)

3.3 (SD 2.2)

Asymmetry

 

Face

18 (32.7%)

Occlusal plane

7 (12.7%)

Profile

 

Convex

43 (78.2%)

Lower facial height decreased

4 (7.3%)

Mandibular retrognathism

3 (5.5%)

  1. Abbreviations: NSAID = non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents; MTX = methotrexate; bDMARDs = biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs; TMJ = temporomandibular joint; TNF = tumour necrosis factor; SD = standard deviation. Note: Left- and right-sided examinations were merged. The new value adopts either a common or the highest value of the two.