Fig. 2

Xenium transcript localizations and cell identifications in mouse brain with and without prior MALDI-MSI. Left: section (control) not measured with MALDI-MSI. Right: consecutive section after MALDI-MSI. Top row: transcript localizations over tissue background. Each coloured dot represents a detected transcript corresponding to the target RNA. Bottom row: Xenium cell segmentation and identifications; grayscale shows tissue background. Legend at right maps colours to RNA-based cell type labels. No grid-aligned pattern is observed after ablation. RNA spots remain distributed with a uniform reduction in counts. Nuclear outlines and downstream cell segmentation and identification are preserved. Scale bar: 100 µm.