Table 7 Difference analysis of each dimension of computational thinking in basic information.

From: Development and influencing factors of artificial intelligence literacy and computational thinking in Chinese university students

Dimension	Category		Sum of squares	Mean square	df	F	Sig.
Creativity	Grade	Between groups	261.266	3	87.089	3.255	0.021
		Within groups	39113.662	1462	26.754
		Total	39374.928	1465
	Place of residence	Between groups	158.179	2	79.09	2.95	0.053
		Within groups	39216.749	1463	26.806
		Total	39374.928	1465
	Academic discipline	Between groups	122.702	3	40.901	1.523	0.207
		Within groups	39252.226	1462	26.848
		Total	39374.928	1465
	Hours of daily use of AI tools	Between groups	269.001	3	89.667	3.352	0.018
		Within groups	39105.927	1462	26.748
		Total	39374.928	1465
Algorithmic thinking	Grade	Between groups	235.831	3	78.61	3.617	0.013
		Within Groups	31773.14	1462	21.733
		Total	32008.971	1465
	Place of residence	Between groups	26.108	2	13.054	0.597	0.551
		Within groups	31982.863	1463	21.861
		Total	32008.971	1465
	Academic discipline	Between groups	347.685	3	115.895	5.352	0.001
		Within groups	31661.286	1462	21.656
		Total	32008.971	1465
	Hours of daily use of AI tools	Between groups	234.789	3	78.263	3.601	0.013
		Within groups	31774.183	1462	21.733
		Total	32008.971	1465
Cooperativity	Grade	Between groups	14.997	3	4.999	0.589	0.622
		Within groups	12410.122	1462	8.488
		Total	12425.119	1465
	Place of residence	Between groups	4.306	2	2.153	0.254	0.776
		Within groups	12420.813	1463	8.49
		Total	12425.119	1465
	Academic discipline	Between groups	39.124	3	13.041	1.539	0.202
		Within groups	12385.995	1462	8.472
		Total	12425.119	1465
	Hours of daily use of AI tools	Between groups	88.995	3	29.665	3.516	0.015
		Within groups	12336.124	1462	8.438
		Total	12425.119	1465
Critical Thinking	Grade	Between groups	27.653	3	9.218	0.742	0.527
		Within groups	18156.119	1462	12.419
		Total	18183.771	1465
	Place of residence	Between groups	33.235	2	16.618	1.339	0.262
		Within groups	18150.536	1463	12.406
		Total	18183.771	1465
	Academic discipline	Between groups	36.911	3	12.304	0.991	0.396
		Within groups	18146.86	1462	12.412
		Total	18183.771	1465
	Hours of daily use of AI tools	Between groups	121.419	3	40.473	3.276	0.02
		Within groups	18062.352	1462	12.355
		Total	18183.771	1465
Problem Solving	Grade	Between groups	160.927	3	53.642	2.321	0.074
		Within groups	33786.846	1462	23.11
		Total	33947.774	1465
	Place of residence	Between groups	27.374	2	13.687	0.59	0.554
		Within groups	33920.399	1463	23.186
		Total	33947.774	1465
	Academic discipline	Between groups	102.485	3	34.162	1.476	0.219
		Within groups	33845.289	1462	23.15
		Total	33947.774	1465
	Hours of daily use of AI tools	Between groups	92.502	3	30.834	1.332	0.262
		Within groups	33855.272	1462	23.157
		Total	33947.774	1465

*p < .05, **p < .01.

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Table 7 Difference analysis of each dimension of computational thinking in basic information.

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