Fig. 4

Heterogeneity (PERMDISP) of the two conditions (In and Out). PCO based on Jaccard dissimilarity matrix of compositional and functional total β-diversity and the turnover component inside (red) vs. outside (green) the forests.

Heterogeneity (PERMDISP) of the two conditions (In and Out). PCO based on Jaccard dissimilarity matrix of compositional and functional total β-diversity and the turnover component inside (red) vs. outside (green) the forests.