Table 2 Effect of herbal mixture on the growth performance and carcass characteristics of pigeon squabs.

From: Herbal synergy enhances growth performance, antioxidant status, immunity, and lymphoid tissue architecture in pigeons

Item

Treatment*

T1

T2

T3up

SEM

P-value

Squabs

 BW(g), 1 d

20.70

20.10

20.60

0.73

0.827

 BW (g), 14 d

303.00

300.30

297.20

11.15

0.935

 BW (g), 28 d

367.20b

426.20a

416.80a

8.53

< 0.001

ADG of squabs (g/d)

 1-14 d

20.16

20.01

19.76

0.77

0.930

 14-28 d

4.58b

8.99a

8.54a

0.69

< 0.001

 1-28 d

12.37b

14.50a

14.15a

0.29

< 0.001

Pair of breeding pigeon

 Initial BW (g)

855.67

877.63

869.00

40.83

0.930

 Final BW (g)

826.93

801.17

809.20

37.19

0.883

 Weight loss (g)

28.73

59.80

76.47

15.92

0.133

Pair of breeding pigeon and squabs

 ADFI (g/day)

153.28a

148.62b

147.31b

1.01

0.003

 NFCR (g/g)

6.53a

5.65b

5.94b

0.18

0.006

Carcass Characteristics (%)

 Dressing

65.41

65.16

64.53

1.70

0.894

 Liver

2.12

2.15

2.32

0.22

0.769

 Heart

0.82

0.83

0.802

0.06

0.946

 Gizzard

1.82

1.82

1.60

0.12

0.416

 Procentrioles

0.24

0.22

0.18

0.04

0.243

 Pancreas

0.242

0.342

0.30

0.06

0.558

 Bursa

0.18

0.19

0.11

0.03

0.353

 Thymus

0.54

0.54

0.48

0.13

0.937

 Spleen

0.05

0.05

0.07

0.01

0.088

 Abdominal fat

0.52

0.53

0.71

0.05

0.101

  1. *Treatment; T1 = control group; T2 = HM 1%; T3 = HM 2%; HM = Black seeds, Dill, Sage, and Coriander at 1:1:1:1.
  2. Means with different superscripts in the same row differ significantly (P < 0.05).