Table 3 Comparisons of surgical outcomes and postoperative clinical characteristics between two groups.

Immediately SFR

59 (78.7)

60 (81.1)

0.135

0.713

Total SFR

67 (89.3)

65 (87.8)

0.082

0.774

Lithotripsy time, min

113.1 ± 6.7

82.5 ± 5.4

30.670

< 0.001**

Hemoglobin decrease, g/L

8.2 ± 3.3

17.7 ± 2.9

− 18.656

< 0.001**

Postoperative hospital stays, days

1.7 ± 0.6

3.1 ± 0.5

− 15.462

< 0.001**

Balloon dilatation

8 (10.7)

–

–

–

Required second access tracts

–

23 (31.1)

–

–

Qol score improvement

33.4 ± 6.5

26.9 ± 7.1

5.830

< 0.001**

3 months ureteral stricture

1 (1.3)

3 (4.1)

1.055

0.304

Clavien-Dindo

5.655

0.017*

 Grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ

7 (9.3)

16 (21.6)

–

–

 Grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ

1 (1.3)

3 (4.1)

–

–

Complications

 Fever (> 38.5℃) (Clavien grade Ⅰ)

5 (6.7)

9 (12.2)

1.337

0.247

 Low back pain (Clavien grade Ⅰ)

4 (5.2)

13 (17.6)

5.516

0.019*

 Perirenal hematoma (Clavien grade Ⅱ)

2 (2.6)

11 (14.9)

6.959

0.008**

 Blood transfusion (Clavien grade Ⅱ)

0 (0.0)

2 (2.7)

2.055

0.152

 Urosepsis (Clavien grade Ⅳ)

1 (1.3)

3 (4.1)

1.055

0.304

Stone compositions

2.096

0.553

 Calcium oxalate

44 (60.0)

42 (54.3)

–

–

 Calcium phosphate

13 (6.3)

8 (6.4)

–

–

 Struvite or carbonated apatite

11 (24.2)

15 (27.6)

–

–

 Uric acid or cysteine

7 (9.5)

9 (11.7)

–

–