Fig. 11

Ca²⁺ concentrations, ROS levels, cell viability (MTT), ΔΨm, ATP levels, NCPD, CPDT and protein expression levels following incubation with a TRPV1 inhibitor (CPZ). The TRPV1 inhibitor (CPZ) was incubated with MeSCs, followed by irradiation with 15 J/cm² of light at wavelengths 400–405, 500–505, 700–710, and 1064 nm. The Ca²⁺ concentration, ROS concentration, cell viability (MTT), ΔΨm, NCPD and CPDT values, and protein expression levels were compared between the 15 J/cm²-TRPV1 inhibitor and 15 J/cm² groups. Relative levels of Ca²⁺ concentration, ROS concentration, cell viability, ΔΨm and protein expression levels were calculated as the relative change from the control group. The experiment was performed with six replicates and the mean value of every sample was use for group comparisons. Group comparisons were performed using either the Mann–Whitney non-parametric test or one-way ANOVA. The mean value of each 15 J/cm²-TRPV1 inhibitor groups was compared with the mean values of 15 J/cm² groups. n = 6, **p < 0.01.