Fig. 2

Batch effects removal of combined datasets. (A) Boxplots of GEO Datasets (Combined Datasets) distribution before batch removal. (B) Post-batch integrated GEO Datasets (Combined Datasets) distribution boxplots. (C) PCA plot of the datasets before debatching. (D) Go to the PCA map of the Combined GEO Datasets after batch processing. IDD, Intervertebral Disc Degeneration; PCA, Principal Component Analysis. The intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) dataset GSE34095 is blue, the IDD dataset GSE70362 is red, and the IDD dataset GSE147383 is yellow.