Table 2 Association between edentulism and frailty.

From: Multi-cohort evidence linking edentulism to frailty among older adults

Study

Model 1

Model 2

OR (95% CI)

P value

OR (95% CI)

P value

CHARLS (N = 9,869)

Frailty status (binary)

1.88 (1.64–2.15)

2.77 × 10− 19

1.24 (1.06–1.44)

0.006

Frailty index (per 1% unit)

5.66 (4.59–6.72)

3.07 × 10− 25

1.82 (0.81–2.84)

4.26 × 10− 4

ELSA (N = 5,083)

Frailty status (binary)

2.93 (2.39–3.58)

1.39 × 10− 25

1.33 (1.05–1.68)

0.016

Frailty index (per 1% unit)

9.49 (8.07–10.91)

1.09 × 10− 38

2.66 (1.39–3.94)

4.16 × 10− 5

HRS (N = 12,322)

Frailty status (binary)

2.65 (2.39–2.93)

4.55 × 10− 77

1.48 (1.31–1.67)

9.86 × 10− 11

Frailty index (per 1% unit)

9.58 (8.78–10.38)

1.25 × 10− 119

3.4 (2.7–4.1)

2.66 × 10− 21

  1. Model 1: unadjusted.
  2. Model 2: adjust for: age, gender, ethnicity, education, smoking status, drinking status, physical activity, hypertension, and diabetes.
  3. Note: Exposure and covariates were assessed at baseline (CHARLS-2011, ELSA-2014, HRS-2012), and frailty outcomes were derived from the follow-up wave (CHARLS-2018, ELSA-2019, HRS-2018).
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