Table 1 Comparison of recent research of existing SMCs for LFC.
References | Type of SMCs | Sensors | Type of turbines | Models considered |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Published work27 | Proportional—integral | No | Non-reheat | No |
Published work28 | Proportional—integral | No | Reheat | RESs and EVs |
Published work29 | Double proportional—integral | Normal state observer | Non-reheat | PVs |
Published work30 | Proportional—derivative | No | Non-reheat | No |
Published work31 | Super-twisting proportional—derivative | No | Non-reheat | WTGs and ESSs |
Published work32 | Proportional—integral—derivative | No | Reheat | No |
Published work33 | Traditional | Extended observer | Reheat | WTGs |
Published work34 | Higher-order | Normal state observer | Non-reheat | No |
Proposed work | Multi-stage | Optimal state observer | Reheat, hydro, gas | WTGs, PVs, BESSs, and FESSs |
