Table 4 Characteristics of decision makers (DMs) in the case study.

From: Smart system for forecasting financial outcomes and supporting strategic choices

Profession

Role and responsibility

Experience and knowledge

Transportation engineer

Evaluates and designs efficient traffic routes for AVs under varying urban conditions.

Expertise in urban mobility systems, traffic flow modeling, and transportation optimization.

AV specialist

Assesses route feasibility and system performance based on autonomous navigation parameters.

In-depth knowledge of AV control systems, LiDAR/GPS integration, and sensor-based route analysis.

Urban planner

Ensures the alignment of navigation routes with long-term urban development and infrastructure goals.

Experienced in smart city planning, road network layouts, and policy regulations.