Fig. 5
Virtual water trade (VWT) embedded in food trade for the Yellow River Basin (YRB) as a whole and for its upstream, midstream, and downstream sub-basins in 2020. (a) VWT embedded in grain-based food trade; (b) VWT embedded in animal-based food trade; (c) total VWT embedded in all food trade (grain- and animal-based products combined); (d) net VWT of the upstream, midstream, and downstream sub-basins, along with the contributions of different food categories. Positive values indicate net virtual water outflows, while negative values represent net inflows. Unit: BCM. A full list of administrative city names is provided in Table T4 in the SI. The figures were created by the authors using ArcGIS 10.8.169 in combination with Microsoft PowerPoint 201070.
