Table 1 Bounds of exp-PID controller for DC motor speed control system.

From: Designing a cascaded exponential PID controller via starfish optimizer for DC motor and liquid level systems

Bound

\(\:{\varvec{K}}_{\varvec{p}}\)

\(\:{\varvec{K}}_{\varvec{i}}\)

\(\:{\varvec{K}}_{\varvec{d}}\)

\(\:{\varvec{\tau\:}}_{1}\)

\(\:{\varvec{g}}_{1}\)

\(\:{\varvec{\tau\:}}_{2}\)

\(\:{\varvec{g}}_{2}\)

Lower

0.001

0.001

0.001

1

1

0.2

0.2

Upper

20

20

20

5

5

0.5

0.5