Fig. 4

Viscosity vs. Concentration plot (at 10 s^-1, 25^οC and no salinity) of basil seed gum (BSG), xanthan gum (XGU), guar gum (GGU), and hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM). The estimated Critical Association Concentration (CAC) points located at: ≈0.24 wt% (XGU), ≈ 0.27 wt% (BSG), ≈ 0.40 wt% (HPAM), and ≈ 0.60 wt% (GGU, weak indication).