Table 5 Logistic Regression Analysis for the Association of top 25 most prescribed drugs use with increased transaminases.

From: Drug-related hepatotoxicity risk in elderly patients with atrial fibrillation: insights from the nationwide Italian START registry

Drug

LiverTox Score

N Patients (%)

Univariable

Multivariable*

   

OR

95% CI

p-value

OR

95% CI

p-value

Warfarin

(vs DOAC)

C

4712 (57.36)

2.48

2.08, 2.98

 < 0.001

2.43

2.02, 2.93

 < 0.001

Bisoprolol

E

2574 (31.33)

1.11

0.94, 1.31

0.228

1.12

0.94, 1.33

0.192

Furosemide

E

2153 (26.21)

1.42

1.19, 1.68

 < 0.001

1.65

1.37, 1.98

 < 0.001

Aspirin

A [HD]

1792 (21.81)

1.02

0.84, 1.23

0.839

1.08

0.88, 1.31

0.46

Ramipril

C

1431 (17.42)

1.36

1.11, 1.65

0.002

1.37

1.12, 1.67

0.002

Apixaban

D

1145 (13.94)

0.53

0.40, 0.70

 < 0.001

0.53

0.39, 0.70

 < 0.001

Atorvastatin

A

1128 (13.73)

1.14

0.91, 1.41

0.257

1.19

0.94, 1.49

0.14

Pantoprazole

C

1086 (13.22)

1.07

0.85, 1.34

0.571

1.13

0.89, 1.42

0.319

Hydrochlorothiazide

C

1049 (12.77)

0.95

0.74, 1.20

0.678

0.92

0.71, 1.17

0.498

Lansoprazole

C

1034 (12.59)

1.3

1.03, 1.62

0.022

1.3

1.03, 1.63

0.025

Rivaroxaban

B

1000 (12.17)

0.51

0.37, 0.68

 < 0.001

0.51

0.37, 0.68

 < 0.001

Amlodipine

C

994 (12.1)

1.03

0.81, 1.31

0.787

1.03

0.80, 1.30

0.825

Dabigatran

D

926 (11.27)

0.51

0.36, 0.69

 < 0.001

0.52

0.37, 0.71

 < 0.001

Amiodarone

A

925 (11.26)

1.63

1.31, 2.02

 < 0.001

1.61

1.29, 2.00

 < 0.001

Simvastatin

A

807 (9.82)

0.61

0.44, 0.82

0.002

0.6

0.43, 0.82

0.002

Omeprazole

B

734 (8.93)

1.16

0.89, 1.48

0.255

1.2

0.92, 1.54

0.175

Metformin

B

708 (8.62)

0.98

0.74, 1.29

0.896

0.93

0.69, 1.25

0.64

Digoxin

E

705 (8.58)

1.09

0.82, 1.42

0.545

1.13

0.85, 1.48

0.374

Allopurinol

A

626 (7.62)

0.92

0.66, 1.25

0.603

0.99

0.71, 1.35

0.949

Canrenoate

NS

620 (7.55)

1.46

1.12, 1.89

0.005

1.61

1.22, 2.10

0.001

Levothyroxine

E

580 (7.06)

0.98

0.71, 1.32

0.882

1.01

0.73, 1.36

0.973

Valsartan

D

541 (6.59)

0.79

0.55, 1.10

0.180

0.77

0.53, 1.09

0.157

Flecainide

C

425 (5.17)

0.73

0.48, 1.05

0.107

0.63

0.41, 0.92

0.024

Carvedilol

D

415 (5.05)

1.1

0.77, 1.52

0.602

1.12

0.78, 1.57

0.519

Irbesartan

C

411 (5)

0.79

0.51, 1.15

0.239

0.78

0.51, 1.15

0.225

  1. DOAC: direct oral anticoagulant, OR = Odds Ratio, CI = Confidence Interval. *adjusted for CHA₂DS₂-VASc score, creatinine clearance, body mass index, and the presence of cirrhosis with oesophageal varices.
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