Fig. 7
Estimation of brain retraction distance in a case of tuberculum sellae meningioma resected via the supraorbital approach (a, b). To expose the tumor apex, retraction of the frontal lobe was required (c). Using simulation software, we retrospectively replicated the surgical procedure (d, e) and measured the frontal lobe retraction distance using the method developed in this study, calculating it to be 7.2 mm (f). This figure demonstrates the use of simulation software to estimate intraoperative brain retraction distance by referencing actual surgical videos and replicating frontal lobe retraction maneuvers.
ON: optic nerve.
