Table 3 The impact of synkinesis on vocal parameters in IVFP patients with various disease courses.

From: The impact of synkinesis on voice restoration in idiopathic vocal fold paralysis patients with different disease courses

Parameter

Course of disease

With synkinesis

Without synkinesis

MD

95% CI

F

P

Partial eta square

Finteraction

Pinteraction

Partial eta square

MPT (s)

 < 3 month

6.01 ± 5.83A

5.46 ± 4.01A

− 0.56

− 3.91, 2.80

2.786

0.047

0.111

0.778

0.381

0.011

 

3–6 month

4.10 ± 1.79A

8.20 ± 5.84B

4.10

0.51, 7.69

      
 

MD

1.91

− 2.74

        
 

95% CI

− 2.20, 7.80

− 6.46, 0.13

        

DSI

 < 3 month

− 0.77 ± 2.91

− 3.38 ± 8.05

− 2.61

− 8.45, 3.23

1.370

0.260

0.062

0.029

0.864

0.000

 

3–6 month

1.30 ± 3.56

− 0.59 ± 2.65

− 1.89

− 5.09, 1.31

      
 

MD

− 2.07

− 2.79

        
 

95% CI

− 5.67, 1.54

− 8.00, 2.42

        

F0max (Hz)

 < 3 month

344.13 ± 128.79

329.29 ± 138.55

− 14.83

− 121.47, 91.80

6.758

0.012

0.097

1.741

0.195

0.028

 

3–6 month

293.67 ± 87.71

421.22 ± 121.90

127.56

2.30, 252.82

      
 

MD

50.46

− 91.93

        
 

95% CI

− 83.09, 184.00

− 192.52, 8.66

        

F0min (Hz)

 < 3 month

98.00 ± 42.30

122.45 ± 47.89

24.45

− 12.09, 60.99

0.800

0.499

0.037

0.661

0.419

0.010

 

3–6 month

125.29 ± 35.35

127.00 ± 36.17

1.71

− 35.94, 39.37

      
 

MD

− 27.29

− 4.55

        
 

95% CI

− 71.17, 16.60

− 37.06, 27.96

        

SPLmax [dB (A)]

 < 3 month

88.38 ± 9.15

87.78 ± 10.05

− 0.59

− 8.31, 7.12

1.878

0.143

0.083

0.931

0.338

0.015

 

3–6 month

90.86 ± 13.80

97.10 ± 15.51

6.24

− 9.36, 21.84

      
 

MD

− 2.48

− 9.32

        
 

95% CI

− 15.38, 10.41

− 17.30, 1.34

        

SPLmin [dB (A)]

 < 3 month

55.88 ± 7.62

56.28 ± 5.48

0.41

− 4.18, 4.99

0.783

0.508

0.038

0.093

0.762

0.002

 

3–6 month

53.14 ± 5.37

54.60 ± 3.17

1.46

− 2.94, 5.86

      
 

MD

2.73

1.68

        
 

95% CI

− 4.73, 10.20

− 1.97, 5.33

        

VHI score

 < 3 month

60.14 ± 36.25

50.27 ± 27.52

− 9.87

− 33.59, 13.84

0.472

0.703

0.023

1.167

0.284

0.019

 

3–6 month

42.00 ± 24.91

52.44 ± 32.59

10.44

− 21.49, 42.8

      
 

MD

18.14

− 2.18

        
 

95% CI

− 18.08, 54.36

− 23.22, 18.86

        
  1. CI, confidence interval; DSI, dysphonia severity index; F0max, the highest fundamental frequency; F0min, the lowest fundamental frequency; IVFP, idiopathic vocal fold paralysis; MD, mean difference; MPT, the maximum pronunciation time; SPLmax, the maximum sound pressure level; SPLmin.
  2. The minimum sound pressure level; VHI, voice handicap index. The different capital annotations located in the same row represent the significant differences about indicators among the IVFP patients with synkinesis and those without synkinesis (A–B) (t = − 2.569, P = 0.019, analyzed by a multiple-comparison correction, Bonferroni (m = 2, ɑ = 0.025), and the P value less than 0.025 represents a significant difference in such condition). The same capital annotations located in the same row represent no significant differences about indicators among the IVFP patients with synkinesis and those without synkinesis (A) (t = − 0.334, P = 0.740, analyzed by a multiple-comparison correction, Bonferroni (m = 2, ɑ = 0.025), and the P value more than 0.025 represents no significant difference in such condition).
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