Fig. 4
From: Impact of dystrophin deficiency on vascular smooth muscle cell
Abnormal mitochondrial fission in dystrophin deficiency VSMCs. (A) Enhanced mitochondrial fission in VSMCs derived from DMD iPSC compared to wild type (WT) VSMCs. Mitochondria were identified by Mito-tracker. Quantification of mitochondrial area (B) and average branch length (C) in VSMCs from two WT and DMD iPSC (109.4 ± 36.02 µm2/cell for WT, 52.37 ± 25.67 µm2/cell for DMD, P < 0.001),, and shorter average branch length (1.07 ± 0.36 μm/cell for WT, 0.68 ± 0.24 μm/cell for DMD, P < 0.001). 50 cells from each group were analyzed. (D, E)TEM images showing mitochondrial fission in aortic VSMCs from 12 months old mdx mice (1.68 ± 0.53 µm2/mitochondria for WT, 0.85 ± 0.33µm2/mitochondria for DMD). Mitochondria was small and fragmented (arrows). 200 mitochondria from 3 mice of each group were measured. (F) Representative images of DHR123 staining in VSMCs derived from DMD iPSC and WT VSMCs and quantification of their intensity. ****P < 0.001, **P < 0.0, n = 3. iPSC: Induced pluripotent stem cells; VSMCs: vascular smooth muscle cells.
