Table 3 Significantly up- and down-regulated oral metabolites that were reported to play roles in Candida growth, pathogenicity, and host interaction, or modulation of host immune responses.

From: Metabolomic profiling reveals alterations in Candida pathophysiology and host interactions during primary oral candidiasis and following antifungal treatment

Oral metabolites

OT vs. C

AT vs. C

OT vs. AT

Expression (fold change, p-value)

Expression (fold change, p-value)

Expression (fold change, p-value)

Sphingolipids

C17 sphinganine

Up

(6.15, 2.71E-02)

Up

(2.75, 2.71E-02)

Up

(2.24, 2.71E-02)

Phytosphingosine

Down

(-7.32, 1.72E-03)

Down

(-122.53, 1.72E-03)

Up

(16.737, 1.72E-03)

CerP(d18:1/20:0)

Down

(-346.02, 5.25E-12)

Down

(-56.178, 5.25E-12)

Down

(-6.159, 5.25E-12)

MIPC(t18:0/18:0(2OH))

Down

(-250.90, 6.15E-11)

Down

(-72.370, 6.15E-11)

Down

(-3.467, 6.15E-11)

Amino acids

D-proline

Up

(4.50, 4.58E-03)

Up

(2.95, 4.58E-03)

Up

(2.15, 4.58E-03)

L-leucine

Up

(1.660, 4.56E-03)

Up

(34.10, 4.56E-03)

Down

(-20.537, 4.56E-03)

L-valine

Up

(2.42, 4.17E-13)

Down

(-3.99, 4.17E-13)

Up

(21.33, 4.17E-13)

Glycerolipids

Monoacylglycerol (MG) (MG(0:0/18:0/0:0))

Up

(7.211, 2.08E-02)

Up

(8.161, 2.08E-02)

Down

(-7.215, 2.08E-02)

Triacylglycerol (TG)

[TG(17:2(9Z,12Z)/22:2(13Z,16Z)/22:5(7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z))[iso6]]

Down

(-13.64, 2.26E-23)

Down

(-24.84, 2.26E-23)

Down

(-513.4, 2.26E-23)

Polyamine

Spermine

Up

(2.37, 1.84E-03)

Up

(34.87, 1.84E-03)

Down

(-14.72, 1.84E-03)

Spermidine

Down

(-1.632, 3.50E-08)

Up

(87.21, 3.50E-08)

Down

(-142.37, 3.50E-08)

Glycerophospholipids

Phosphoethanolamine (PE)

[PE(17:2(9Z,12Z)/22:6

(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)]

Up

(4.358, 1.17E-06)

Up

(11.184, 1.17E-06)

Down

(-2.566, 1.17E-06)

Phosphatidylglycerol (PG)

[PG(20:5(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)/0:0)

Down

(-5343.6, 1.62E-32)

Up

(4.591, 1.62E-32)

Down

(-3909.2, 1.62E-32)

Phosphatidylinositol (PI)

[PI(12:0/12:0)]

Down

(-233.68, 2.82E-09)

Down

(-49.78, 2.82E-09)

Down

(-4.694, 2.82E-09)

Phosphatidylserine (PS)

[PS(P-20:0/17:1(9Z))]

Down

(-921.3, 6.11E-20)

Down

(-114.10, 6.11E-20)

Down

(-8.075, 6.11E-20)