Table 3 Performance summary of 30 independent realizations for different regularization parameter \(\left( {{\varvec{\uplambda}}} \right)\) across all scenarios, showing success rates and the median of the objective function.

From: Regularized ensemble Kalman inversion for robust and efficient gravity data modeling to identify mineral and ore deposits

Scenario

\({{\varvec{\uplambda}}}\)

Realization

success

Success

rate (%)

Median ObjF

(mgal)

Single anomaly

noise-free

1e-5

25

83.3

1.38 × 10− 5

1e-4

28

93.3

1.71 × 10− 5

1e-3

29

96.7

9.75 × 10− 6

1e-2

28

93.3

7.35 × 10− 6

1e-1

30

100

2.23 × 10− 5

1

30

100

5.09 × 10− 4

10

30

100

8.30 × 10− 3

Single anomaly

noise-contaminated

1e-5

4

13.3

0.40

1e-4

7

23.3

0.40

1e-3

24

80

0.40

1e-2

29

96.7

0.40

1e-1

30

100

0.40

1

30

100

0.40

10

30

100

0.40

Multi anomaly

noise-free

1e-5

30

100

0.0551

1e-4

30

100

0.0587

1e-3

30

100

0.0568

1e-2

30

100

0.1191

1e-1

30

100

0.2738

1

30

100

0.3500

10

30

100

0.3710

Multi anomaly

noise-contaminated

1e-5

30

100

0.3717

1e-4

30

100

0.3933

1e-3

30

100

0.3692

1e-2

30

100

0.3751

1e-1

30

100

0.3820

1

30

100

0.3880

10

30

100

0.4053