Table 3 Quantitative comparison of representative dexterous robotic hands.

From: Opportunities challenges and roadmap for humanoid robots in construction

Hand

Dof

Actuation type

Fingertip force (N)

Kapandji score (0–10)

Allegro Hand

16

Servo actuators

 ~ 15 N

8

DLR hand II

13

Tendon-driven

20–30 N

9–10

Schunk SVH

9

Cable-driven

25 N

9

AR10

10

Servo-driven

 ~ 5 N

6

Biomimetic hand

16

Tendon/pneumatic hybrid

10–15 N

9

InMoov

16

Servo-driven

 ~ 5 N

6

Shadow hand

20

Pneumatic/tendon hybrid

40 N

10