Table 2 Association between tobacco use disorder and cardiomyopathy using conditional logistic regression accounting for 1:4 matching (Age, Sex, index Date).

From: Tobacco use disorder is associated with increased risk of cardiomyopathy in a population-based study from Taiwan

Variables

AOR

95% CI

p-value

Tobacco Use Disorder (TUD)

Without (reference)

-

-

-

With

1.376

1.102–1.598

< 0.001

Low-income household

1.523

1.094–2.106

0.003

Diabetes mellitus

2.623

1.652–2.983

< 0.001

Hypertension

2.812

1.783–3.020

< 0.001

Hyperlipidemia

1.986

1.342–2.511

< 0.001

Congestive heart failure

1.602

1.059–2.278

0.020

Cerebrovascular accident

2.030

1.374–2.711

< 0.001

Chronic kidney disease

1.333

1.020–1.824

0.040

Depression

1.802

1.310–2.875

< 0.001

Anxiety

1.725

1.270–2.731

< 0.001

Bipolar disorder

1.532

1.087–2.311

0.007

Psychotic disorder

1.706

1.184–2.534

< 0.001

Alcohol use disorder

3.356

2.148–4.422

< 0.001

Illicit drug use disorder

2.756

1.489–3.250

< 0.001

CCI-R (per 1 point)

1.132

1.126–1.147

< 0.001

Season (vs. spring)

Summer

0.833

0.574–1.111

0.433

Autumn

1.165

0.902–1.524

0.098

Winter

1.996

1.373–2.703

< 0.001

Urbanization level (vs. lowest)

Level 1 (highest)

2.245

1.559–2.973

< 0.001

Level 2

1.914

1.124–2.781

< 0.001

Level 3

1.201

0.765–1.603

0.235

Level 4 (lowest, ref.)

-

-

-

Level of care (vs. local hospital)

Hospital center

2.140

1.788–2.863

< 0.001

Regional hospital

1.531

1.125–1.884

< 0.001

Local hospital (reference)

-

-

-

  1. Abbreviations: TUD, tobacco use disorder; CCI-R, revised Charlson Comorbidity Index; AOR, adjusted odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.
  2. Note: Conditional logistic regression accounting for 1:4 individual matching (age, sex, index date). Age and sex were conditioned out and therefore not included as independent variables in the model.
Back to article page