Table 5 Biochemical variables of study participants by quartiles of HNFI.

From: Adherence to the healthy nordic food index is associated with favorable obesity-related cardiometabolic risk factors among apparently healthy obese individuals

Variable

Quartiles of Healthy Nordic Food Index score

Q1 (n = 96)

Q2 (n = 72) HNFI = 3

Q3 (n = 90) HNFI = 4

Q4 (n = 81)

HNFI = 5–6

HNFI = 0–2

OR(CI)

P-value

OR(CI)

P-value

OR(CI)

P-value

SBP (mmHg)

Model I

1 REF

0.993 (0.974–1.013)

0.503

0.985 (0.967–1.003)

0.096

0.990 (0.972–1.009)

0.289

Model II

0.994 (0.973–1.015)

0.554

0.979 (0.960–0.999)

0.038

0.985 (0.985–1.005)

0.140

Model III

0.996 (0.960–1.031)

0.833

0.993 (0.960–1.027)

0.695

1.004 (0.970–1.040)

0.809

DBP (mmHg)

Model I

1 REF

0.989 (0.963–1.016)

0.424

0.973 (0.949–0.998)

0.036

0.989 (0.964–1.015)

0.405

Model II

0.990 (0.962–1.019)

0.514

0.967 (0.991–1.061)

0.015

0.983 (0.956–1.011)

0.229

Model III

0.983 (0.941–1.028)

0.454

1.001 (1.000-1.001)

0.005

1.014 (0.972–1.058)

0.524

FBS (mg/dl)

Model I

1 REF

1.008 (0.990–1.026)

0.389

1.010 (0.993–1.027)

0.255

1.005 (0.987–1.024)

0.585

Model II

1.009 (0.991–1.027)

0.340

1.009 (0.992–1.027)

0.290

1.004 (0.985–1.023)

0.669

Model III

1.025 (0.991–1.059)

0.148

1.022 (0.990–1.056)

0.186

1.007 (0.970–1.044)

0.732

TC (mg/dl)

Model I

1 REF

0.994 (0.986–1.002)

0.167

0.994 (0.986–1.002)

0.133

0.994 (0.986–1.002)

0.147

Model II

0.994 (0.986–1.003)

0.201

0.993 (0.986–1.001)

0.108

0.993 (0.985–1.002)

0.111

Model III

0.999 (0.985–1.012)

0.836

0.986 (0.974-1.000)

0.042

0.988 (0.974–1.001)

0.076

TG (mg/dl)

Model I

1 REF

1.000 (0.996–1.003)

0.771

1.000 (0.997–1.003)

0.895

0.997 (0.994–1.001)

0.128

Model II

0.999 (0.996–1.003)

0.719

1.000 (0.997–1.002)

0.749

0.997 (0.993–1.001)

0.091

Model III

1.004 (0.995–1.012)

0.390

1.004 (0.996–1.011)

0.357

1.000 (0.991–1.009)

0.996

HDL (mg/dl)

Model I

1 REF

0.959 (0.927–0.992)

0.045

0986 (0.957–1.016)

0.361

0.989 (0.959–1.020)

0.470

Model II

0.960 (0.926–0.995)

0.024

0.987 (0.957–1.019)

0.424

0.987 (0.956–1.020)

0.440

Model III

0.994 (0.994–1.046)

0.805

0.983 (0.937–1.031)

0.480

0.987 (0.939–1.039)

0.622

LDL (mg/dl)

Model I

1 REF

0.992 (0.983–1.002)

0.117

0.994 (0.985–1.003)

0.184

0.995 (0.986–1.004)

0.294

Model II

0.993 (0.983–1.002)

0.135

0.994 (0.985–1.003)

0.163

0.995 (0.985–1.004)

0.253

Model III

0.997 (0.982–1.012)

0.660

0.983 (0.969–0.997)

0.020

0.987 (0.973–1.002)

0.084

Insulin (mIU/l)

Model I

1 REF

0.987 (0.948–1.027)

0.509

1.023 (0.993–1.054)

0.128

1.001 (0.967–1.036)

0.950

Model II

0.989 (0.950–1.031)

0.610

1.023 (0.992–1.055)

0.149

1.000 (0.965–1.035)

0.982

Model III

1.003 (0.952–1.056)

0.922

1.024 (0.978–1.072)

0.313

1.013 (0.964–1.065)

0.600

HOMA-IR

Model I

1 REF

0.995 (0.862–1.150)

0.949

1.096 (0.977–1.229)

0.119

0.979 (0.850–1.127)

0.768

Model II

1.005 (0.869–1.162)

0.949

1.092 (0.970–1.229)

0.146

0.970 (0.840–1.120)

0.677

Model III

1.072 (0.892–1.289)

0.457

1.100 (0.923–1.311)

0.288

1.019 (0.834–1.247)

0.851

α- MSH (ng/L)

Model I

1 REF

1.000 (0.997–1.002)

0.764

1.000 (0.997–1.002)

0.701

1.001 (0.999–1.003)

0.482

Model II

0.999 (0.997–1.002)

0.698

0.999 (0.997–1.002)

0.685

1.001 (0.999–1.003)

0.459

Model III

0.999 (0.997–1.002)

0.628

0.999 (0.997–1.002)

0.521

1.000 (0.998–1.003)

0.821

AgRP (Pg/ml)

Model I

1 REF

1.000 (0.997–1.023)

0.989

0.993 (0.972–1.016)

0.562

1.002 (0.982–1.023)

0.842

Model II

0.997 (0.974–1.021)

0.814

0.992 (0.970–1.015)

0.495

1.002 (0.982–1.024)

0.815

Model III

0.996 (0.972–1.020)

0.743

0.990 (0.967–1.013)

0.389

0.999 (0.977–1.022)

0.954

  1. HNFI, Healthy Nordic Food Index score; SBP, Systolic Blood Pressure; DBP, Diastolic Blood Pressure; FBS, fasting blood glucose; TC, Total Cholesterol; TG, Triglyceride; HDL-C, High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol; LDL-C, Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol; HOMA-IR, Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval. The multivariate multinomial logistic regression was used for the estimation of ORs and confidence interval (CI). Model I: crude, Model II: adjusted for age and sex, and Model III: adjusted for age, BMI, sex, physical activity, SES, and energy intake. Bold values are statistically significant. 
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