Table 6 Case-1: voltage and tie-line power response comparison.

From: Real time frequency and voltage stabilization in multi area hybrid power systems using hybrid MGOAO optimized PID and FOPID controllers

Optimization technique

\(\:{\Delta\:}{{V}}_{1}\)

\(\:{\Delta\:}{{V}}_{2}\)

\(\:{\Delta\:}{{P}}_{\text{Tie-line\:}}\)

Settling time (s)

POS

PUS

Settling time (s)

POS

PUS

Settling time (s)

POS

PUS

MGO

11.2003

1.374

0

11.3009

1.588

0

7.66231

0.01821

0.1501

AO

10.7186

1.206

0

8.85426

1.27

0

10.8258

0.02582

0.1564

MGO-AO

6.65534

1.263

0

8.04809

1.111

0

5.512

0.01764

0.1475