Table 8 Case-2: frequency response comparison of different optimization techniques.

From: Real time frequency and voltage stabilization in multi area hybrid power systems using hybrid MGOAO optimized PID and FOPID controllers

Optimization technique

\(\:{\Delta\:}{{f}}_{1}\)

\(\:{\Delta\:}{{f}}_{2}\)

Settling time (s)

POS

PUS

Settling time (s)

POS

PUS

MGO

9.47621

0.01731

0.2475

9.47621

0.03599

0.3312

AO

8.93803

0.01668

0.2451

13.3705

0.06326

0.3233

MGO-AO

8.43137

0.01343

0.2296

8.86101

0.03359

0.3186

ARO

8.69097

0.01652

0.22079

9.02251

0.03304

0.31956

GWO-PSO

10.2989

0.02344

0.2039

10.2562

0.05404

0.26847

Modified SSA

9.26721

0.01667

0.24514

9.63482

0.03699

0.3150

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