Table 1 List of behaviors related to different emotional facial expressions used to analyze dogs’ responses during sniffing olfactory stimuli2.
From: Decoding dog communication through the physiology and behavior of urine marking
Facial expressions | Behaviours | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Neutral | eyes soft | ||
ears relaxed position | |||
normal lips | |||
opened/closed mouth | |||
Attentive | eyes wide open | ||
ears forward | |||
normal lips | |||
closed mouth | |||
Stress-induced expression | |||
Agonistic | eyes hard | ||
ears pulled forward or backward | |||
short lips | |||
closed mouth | |||
Fearful | eyes wide open | ||
ears pulled backward | |||
long lips | |||
closed mouth | |||
Anxious | whale eyes | ||
ears pulled backward | |||
C-shaped mouth | |||
opened mouth | |||
