Table 2 The crane operation causative factors indicator system.

From: Intelligent identification of causative factors and construction of accident chain for crane operation

The classification of unsafe factors

Unsafe factors

Human factor (A)

Operation against the procedures (A1)

Stay in a dangerous area (A2)

Incorrect wearing of personal protective equipment (A3)

Improper emergency response (A4)

Poor safety awareness (A5)

Equipment factor (B)

The unperfect quality of steel wire ropes and other tools (B1)

The equipment that doesn’t meet the need (B2)

The failure of the security protection function (B3)

Equipment failure (B4)

Environment factors (C)

The bad weather (C1)

Poor space environment (C2)

Missing safety warning signs (C3)

Cross parallel operations (C4)

Management factor (D)

Poor qualification inspection of personnel and equipment (D1)

Insufficient safety management (D2)

No special personnel for safety management (D3)

The insufficient safety responsibility (D4)

The poor onsite supervision (D5)

Lack of document such as operating procedures (D6)

Inadequate safety training and education (D7)