Table 2 Summary of the method.

From: The binge scrolling scale measures excessive scrolling through a validated three-factor structure

Step

Task

Sample & Sampling Method

Data collection tools

Analysis

1

Determine clearly what you want to measure

NA

Literature review, theoretical framework

NA

2

Generate an item pool

NA

Literature and previous scales

NA

3

Determine the format for measurement

21 participants, purposive sampling

Two-question rating form

F and %

4

Expert review (Content validity)

12 experts, purposive sampling

Semi-structured interview form

CVR

5

Cognitive interviewing

12 participants, purposive sampling

Semi-structured interview form

Qualitative analysis: content analysis

6

Consider inclusion of validation

149 participants, snowball sampling

MC-SDS Short Form C, BSS

Descriptive analysis, Pearson correlation analysis

7

Administer items to a development sample

EFA: 262 participants

CFA: 233 participants Criterion-related validity: 222 participants

BSS (for all samples), SMDS, YIAT-SF

8

Evaluate the items

Same as Step 7

Same as Step 7

EFA, CFA, Pearson product-moment correlation, Reliability analysis

9

Optimize scale length

  1. (1) NA: Not Applicable; f: Frequency; %: Percentage; CVR: Content Validity Ratio; MC-SDS: Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale (Short Form C); BSS: Binge Scrolling Scale; EFA: Exploratory Factor Analysis; CFA: Confirmatory Factor Analysis; SMDS: Social Media Disorder Scale; YIAT-SF: Young’s Internet Addiction Test – Short Form.
  2. (2) We used Mplus and SPSS for data analyses.