Table 1 Characteristics of patients with SAD according to the 4 classes of SOSM trajectories.

From: Trajectory of serum osmolality changes and 28-day mortality risk in patients with sepsis-associated delirium based on the MIMIC-IV database

Variables

Overall

Trajectory 1

Trajectory 2

Trajectory 3

Trajectory 4

P

n

3100

2218

577

141

164

 

Gender, n (%)

     

0.06

 Female

1750 (56.5)

1242 (56.0)

349 (60.5)

69 (48.9)

90 (54.9)

 

 Male

1350 (43.5)

976 (44.0)

228 (39.5)

72 (51.1)

74 (45.1)

 

Age, Years (median [IQR])

68.03 [55.59, 78.40]

66.86 [54.13, 77.48]

72.32 [61.01, 81.18]

72.17 [60.63, 80.89]

65.81 [56.03, 78.52]

 < 0.001

Race, n(%)

     

0.035

 Others

1260 (40.6)

877 (39.5)

236 (40.9)

70 (49.6)

77 (47.0)

 

 White

1840 (59.4)

1341 (60.5)

341 (59.1)

71 (50.4)

87 (53.0)

 

SOFA score (median [IQR])

3.00 [2.00, 4.00]

3.00 [2.00, 4.00]

3.00 [2.00, 5.00]

3.00 [2.00, 5.00]

3.00 [2.00, 4.00]

0.001

PCO2, mmHg (median [IQR])

41.00 [35.00, 49.00]

41.00 [35.00, 49.00]

42.00 [35.00, 50.00]

42.00 [33.00, 50.00]

39.00 [33.00, 47.00]

0.014

PO2, mmHg (median [IQR])

101.00 [62.00, 188.00]

109.00 [65.00, 207.75]

90.00 [60.00, 154.00]

66.00 [42.00, 115.00]

92.50 [62.75, 139.75]

< 0.001

MAP, mmHg (median [IQR])

84.00 [72.00, 97.00]

84.00 [72.00, 97.00]

83.00 [72.00, 96.00]

82.00 [72.00, 97.00]

86.50 [74.50, 102.00]

0.142

Respiratory rate, times/min (median [IQR])

20.00 [16.00, 24.00]

19.00 [16.00, 23.00]

20.00 [17.00, 24.00]

21.00 [17.00, 25.00]

20.00 [16.00, 25.00]

< 0.001

Congestive heart failure, n (%)

     

< 0.001

 No

2072 (66.8)

1549 (69.8)

322 (55.8)

90 (63.8)

111 (67.7)

 

 Yes

1028 (33.2)

669 (30.2)

255 (44.2)

51 (36.2)

53 (32.3)

 

Cerebrovascular disease, n (%)

     

< 0.001

 No

2277 (73.5)

1711 (77.1)

375 (65.0)

96 (68.1)

95 (57.9)

 

 Yes

823 (26.5)

507 (22.9)

202 (35.0)

45 (31.9)

69 (42.1)

 

Chronic pulmonary disease, n (%)

     

0.163

 No

2192 (70.7)

1561 (70.4)

399 (69.2)

106 (75.2)

126 (76.8)

 

 Yes

908 (29.3)

657 (29.6)

178 (30.8)

35 (24.8)

38 (23.2)

 

Diabetes, n (%)

     

< 0.001

 No

2179 (70.3)

1630 (73.5)

343 (59.4)

98 (69.5)

108 (65.9)

 

 Yes

921 (29.7)

588 (26.5)

234 (40.6)

43 (30.5)

56 (34.1)

 

Charlson comorbidity index (median [IQR])

5.00 [3.00, 6.00]

4.00 [2.00, 6.00]

6.00 [4.00, 8.00]

5.00 [3.00, 8.00]

5.00 [3.00, 7.00]

< 0.001

Vasopressor use, n (%)

     

< 0.001

 No

1141 (36.8)

816 (36.8)

191 (33.1)

46 (32.6)

88 (53.7)

 

 Yes

1959 (63.2)

1402 (63.2)

386 (66.9)

95 (67.4)

76 (46.3)

 

Furosemide use

n (%)

     

< 0.001

 No

853 (27.5)

653 (29.4)

85 (14.7)

47 (33.3)

68 (41.5)

 

 Yes

2247 (72.5)

1565 (70.6)

492 (85.3)

94 (66.7)

96 (58.5)

 

Midazolam exposure n (%)

     

0.061

 No

2071 (66.8)

1472 (66.4)

398 (69.0)

83 (58.9)

118 (72.0)

 

 Yes

1029 (33.2)

746 (33.6)

179 (31.0)

58 (41.1)

46 (28.0)

 

APS III (median [IQR])

47.00 [35.00, 60.00]

45.00 [34.00, 58.00]

53.00 [40.00, 64.00]

57.00 [44.00, 72.00]

48.50 [35.00, 63.25]

< 0.001

GCS (median [IQR])

15.00 [15.00, 15.00]

15.00 [15.00, 15.00]

15.00 [15.00, 15.00]

15.00 [14.00, 15.00]

15.00 [14.00, 15.00]

< 0.001

Mechanical ventilation

n (%)

     

< 0.001

 No

134 ( 4.3)

91 ( 4.1)

12 ( 2.1)

16 (11.3)

15 ( 9.1)

 

 Yes

2966 (95.7)

2127 (95.9)

565 (97.9)

125 (88.7)

149 (90.9)

 

AKI, n (%)

     

< 0.001

 No

224 ( 7.2)

170 ( 7.7)

21 ( 3.6)

13 ( 9.2)

20 (12.2)

 

 Yes

2876 (92.8)

2048 (92.3)

556 (96.4)

128 (90.8)

144 (87.8)

 

Urine output, mL (median [IQR])

1625.00 [1027.25, 2465.00]

1625.00 [1040.00, 2458.75]

1515.00 [926.00, 2270.00]

1500.00 [890.00, 2430.00]

2277.50 [1491.25, 3297.50]

< 0.001

INR (median [IQR])

1.20 [1.10, 1.50]

1.20 [1.10, 1.50]

1.30 [1.10, 1.50]

1.20 [1.10, 1.50]

1.20 [1.10, 1.40]

0.009

APTT, sec (median [IQR])

30.00 [26.70, 35.50]

30.05 [26.80, 35.30]

30.10 [26.50, 36.90]

30.40 [26.00, 37.50]

28.90 [26.20, 32.10]

0.036

PT, sec (median [IQR])

13.45 [12.10, 16.00]

13.40 [12.10, 15.90]

13.60 [12.20, 16.50]

13.50 [12.00, 16.10]

12.80 [11.70, 15.00]

0.011

Chloride, mmol/L (median [IQR])

104.00 [100.00, 108.00]

105.00 [101.00, 108.00]

104.00 [101.00, 108.00]

109.00 [99.00, 116.00]

102.00 [97.00, 107.25]

< 0.001

Bicarbonate, mmol/L (median [IQR])

22.00 [20.00, 25.00]

22.00 [20.00, 25.00]

22.00 [19.00, 25.00]

21.00 [17.00, 26.00]

22.00 [19.00, 25.00]

0.041

Calcium, mg/dL (median [IQR])

8.20 [7.70, 8.70]

8.20 [7.70, 8.70]

8.30 [7.80, 8.80]

8.20 [7.60, 8.80]

8.30 [7.80, 8.80]

0.013

Potassium, mmol/L(median [IQR])

4.10 [3.70, 4.60]

4.10 [3.60, 4.50]

4.20 [3.80, 4.70]

4.10 [3.50, 4.70]

4.10 [3.70, 4.73]

< 0.001

Creatinine, mg/dL (median [IQR])

1.00 [0.70, 1.40]

0.90 [0.70, 1.20]

1.20 [0.90, 1.90]

1.60 [0.90, 2.60]

1.00 [0.70, 2.02]

< 0.001

WBC (median [IQR])

12.40 [9.00, 16.80]

12.30 [8.90, 16.60]

12.50 [9.20, 17.00]

13.80 [9.00, 18.80]

11.55 [9.25, 16.40]

0.076

Platelet (median [IQR])

194.00 [141.00, 255.00]

195.00 [142.25, 254.00]

191.00 [138.00, 256.00]

199.00 [144.00, 270.00]

183.50 [134.00, 245.25]

0.357

Hemoglobin, g/dL (median [IQR])

11.00 [9.30, 12.60]

11.10 [9.40, 12.70]

10.80 [9.10, 12.60]

10.50 [8.90, 12.30]

10.65 [9.10, 12.12]

0.029

Lactate, mmol/L (median [IQR])

1.60 [1.20, 2.60]

1.60 [1.20, 2.60]

1.70 [1.20, 2.80]

1.70 [1.20, 2.70]

1.40 [1.08, 2.02]

0.001

  1. MAP, Mean arterial pressure; WBC, White blood cell; APTT, Activated partial thromboplastin time; PT, Prothrombin time; INR, International normalized ratio; PO2, Arterial oxygen partial pressure; PCO2, Arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure; GCS, Glasgow Coma Scale; APS III, Acute physiology score III; IQR, Interquartile range.
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