Fig. 8

Experimental evaluation of the proposed hybrid framework against baseline classifiers. Grouped bars report Accuracy, Precision, Recall, and F1-score (%) for SVM, RF, GBM, and the Hybrid model.

Experimental evaluation of the proposed hybrid framework against baseline classifiers. Grouped bars report Accuracy, Precision, Recall, and F1-score (%) for SVM, RF, GBM, and the Hybrid model.