Fig. 3

Maximum Likelihood (ML) phylogenetic tree constructed using MtCOI sequences illustrating the genetic relationships among Indian populations of N. lugens. Coloured branches indicate major clade-wise grouping and genetic differentiation among the sequences generated in the present study. Outgroup sequences (Nilaparvata bakeri and Sogatella furcifera) are highlighted in red. Numbers displayed at the nodes represent bootstrap support values. The scale bar denotes the number of nucleotide substitutions per site.