Table 2 Friction coefficients between the strata and side wall of caisson.

From: Research on ground deformation induced by large caisson construction at the Zhuchong pumping station in Xinyang, China

Strata

Friction coefficient

Stratum thickness(m)

heavy silty Q3 loam

0.29

7.2

heavy silty Q2 loam

0.31

7.2

fully weathered Cretaceous argillaceous sandstone

0.35

1.1

strongly weathered Cretaceous argillaceous sandstone

0.45

5.6

moderately weathered Cretaceous argillaceous sandstone

0.5

7.4